Stimulants & ADHD Medication
There are several non-stimulant and stimulant medications that can help reduce symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
We take an integrated approach to ADHD treatment that combines medication management with
therapy and lifestyle support. Our providers consider stimulant and ADHD medications when they are
the most effective option for improving focus, reducing impulsivity, and enhancing daily functioning.
Each treatment plan is personalized and closely monitored. We work with patients to track progress,
adjust dosages as needed, and address any side effects or concerns. Medication is never viewed as a
standalone solution. It’s part of a whole person plan designed to support emotional wellbeing,
behavioral growth, and long term success. If you’re interested in learning whether stimulant medication
may be right for you, speak with our psychiatry team or request an appointment for a comprehensive
evaluation.
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What are ADHD Medications?
The FDA hasn’t specifically approved antidepressants for the treatment of ADHD. However, our
healthcare providers sometimes prescribe them alone or in combination with other medications for the
treatment of ADHD. The antidepressants providers typically prescribe for ADHD work on the dopamine
and norepinephrine levels in your brain. The most common drug classes are norepinephrine-dopamine
reuptake inhibitors and tricyclics.
Non-Stimulant medications are primarily norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors or alpha-2 adrenergic
agonists. These are prescription medications but they are not controlled substances and therefore have a
reduced risk of dependence. Atomoxetine (Strattera) and Viloxazine (Qelbree) are OK for children, teens,
and adults. They appear to boost the amount of norepinephrine in the brain. This may increase a
person's attention span and lessen their impulsive behavior and hyperactivity.
Clonidine ER (Kapvay) and guanfacine ER (Intuniv) are approved for children ages 6 to 17. Doctors may
also prescribe them to adults. These drugs have an effect on certain areas of the brain that lower
distractibility and improve attention, working memory, and impulse control.
Stimulant medications used for ADHD fall into the category of central nervous system (CNS) stimulants,
and they are among the first line pharmaceutical treatments for ADHD. They are typically prescribed
when someone has a diagnosis of ADHD and is experiencing symptoms like difficulty focusing,
restlessness, difficulty controlling impulses, or excessive activity levels. These medications work by
increasing the availability of brain chemicals, specifically dopamine and norepinephrine, in areas of the
brain involved in attention, motivation, and impulse control.
How Does ADHD Medication Work?
ADHD medications help balance and increase activity in certain brain chemicals, mainly dopamine and
norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters play key roles in attention, focus, and self control. By
improving how nerve cells communicate, stimulants can help reduce hyperactivity and impulsive
behavior while improving concentration. Your provider may recommend ADHD medication after
evaluating symptoms, medical history, and overall health. Factors such as age, heart health, sleep
patterns, and any coexisting conditions are considered before prescribing. The goal is to determine
whether the potential benefits outweigh any risks for each individual.
When & How Stimulant ADHD Medications Are Used
Stimulants are most commonly prescribed to treat ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. They may
also be used for certain sleep related conditions, such as narcolepsy. These medications come in several
forms, including tablets, capsules, and liquids. Some are short acting, while others are extended release
to provide symptom control throughout the day. Dosing varies depending on the medication type, age,
and individual response. Providers typically start with a low dose and adjust gradually based on how well
symptoms are managed and whether side effects occur. All dosing decisions and adjustments should be
made under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.
Benefits of ADHD Medication - What to Expect
Many patients experience noticeable improvements in focus, attention, and impulse control with
stimulant medication. These changes can support better performance at school, work, and in daily
activities. Some individuals also report feeling calmer and more organized as their symptoms become
easier to manage. Improvement may be seen within days to a few weeks, though timing varies for each
person. The effectiveness and rate of response depend on factors such as the medication type, dosage,
and individual body chemistry. It’s important to remember that medication is only one part of a
comprehensive treatment plan, which may also include therapy, behavioral strategies, and lifestyle
adjustments.
Side Effects & Risk Considerations
Common side effects can include decreased appetite, trouble sleeping, or mild anxiety. These are often
temporary and may improve over time. Serious side effects are less common but can involve mood
changes, rapid heartbeat, or chest pain. Contact your provider right away if these occur. ADHD
medications may not be appropriate for everyone, especially those with certain heart conditions or who
are pregnant or breastfeeding. Always discuss potential risks, interactions, and medical history with your
provider before starting treatment.
